Python has a standard library in development, and a few for AI. It has an intuitive syntax, basic control flow, and data structures. It also supports interpretive run-time, without standard compiler languages. This makes Python especially useful for prototyping algorithms for AI.
Pandas is a Python package providing fast, flexible, and expressive data structures designed to make working with “relational” or “labelled” data both easy and intuitive. It aims to be the fundamental high-level building block for doing practical, real world data analysis in Python.
Matplotlib is a plotting library for the Python programming language and its numerical mathematics extension NumPy. It provides an object-oriented API for embedding plots into applications using general-purpose GUI toolkits like Tkinter, wxPython, Qt, or GTK+. There is also a procedural “pylab” interface based on a state machine (like OpenGL), designed to closely resemble that of MATLAB, though its use is discouraged.SciPy makes use of Matplotlib.
Project Jupyter is a nonprofit organization created to “develop open-source software, open-standards, and services for interactive computing across dozens of programming languages”. Spun-off from IPython in 2014 by Fernando Pérez, Project Jupyter supports execution environments in several dozen languages.
Scikit-learn (formerly scikits.learn and also known as sklearn) is a free software machine learning library for the Python programming language. It features various classification, regression and clustering algorithms including support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosting, k-means and DBSCAN, and is designed to interoperate with the Python numerical and scientific libraries NumPy and SciPy.
The Natural Language Toolkit, or more commonly NLTK, is a suite of libraries and programs for symbolic and statistical Natural Language Processing for English written in the Python programming language.
TensorFlow is a free and open-source software library for dataflow and differentiable programming across a range of tasks. It is a symbolic math library, and is also used for Machine Learning applications such as neural networks
PyTorch is an open source machine learning library based on the Torch library, used for applications such as Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing. It is primarily developed by Facebook’s AI Research lab. It is free and open-source software released under the Modified BSD license.
Initially released in 2007, Theano is an open source Python library that allows you to easily fashion various machine learning models. Since it’s one of the oldest libraries, it is regarded as an industry standard that has inspired developments in deep learning.
At its core, it enables you to simplify the process of defining, optimizing, and assessing mathematical expressions.
Theano is capable of taking your structures and transforming them into very efficient code that integrates with NumPy, efficient native libraries such as BLAS, and native code (C++).
Keras is an open-source neural-network library written in Python. It is capable of running on top of TensorFlow, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, R, Theano, or PlaidML. Designed to enable fast experimentation with deep neural networks, it focuses on being user-friendly, modular, and extensible.
